Эволюция процессоров (1946–2025)
от электронных ламп до чипов искусственного интеллекта
| Год | Процессор | Кол-во транзисторов | Частота | Ядер |
| 1946 | ENIAC | 17468 Ваккум. ламп | 100kHz | 1 |
| 1951 | UNIVAC I | 5200 Ваккум. ламп | 2.25 MHz | 1 |
| 1959 | IBM 1401 | 3000 | 0.2 MHz | 1 |
| 1964 | IBM S/360 | 50000 | 2 MHz | 1 |
| 1971 | Intel 4004 | 2300 | 0.74 MHz | 1 |
| 1972 | Intel 8008 | 3500 | 0.8 MHz | 1 |
| 1974 | Intel 8080 | 6000 | 2 MHz | 1 |
| 1976 | Zilog Z80 | 8500 | 2.5-4 MHz | 1 |
| 1978 | Intel 8086 | 29000 | 10 MHz | 1 |
| 1979 | Motorola 68000 | 68000 | 8 MHz | 1 |
| 1982 | Intel 80286 | 134000 | 25 MHz | 1 |
| 1985 | Intel 80386 | 275000 | 12-40 MHz | 1 |
| 1987 | ARM2 | 30000 | 8 MHz | 1 |
| 1989 | Intel 80486 | 1.2M | 20-100 MHz | 1 |
| 1991 | AMD Am386 | 275000 | 25-40 MHz | 1 |
| 1992 | DEC Alpha 21064 | 1.68M | 200 MHz | 1 |
| 1993 | Intel Pentium(P5) | 3.1M | 60-300 MHz | 1 |
| 1995 | Cyrix 6x86 | 2.8N | 100-150 MHz | 1 |
| 1996 | Intel Pentium Pro | 5.5M | 150-200 MHz | 1 |
| 1996 | IBM PowerPC 750 | 6.35M | 233-366 MHz | 1 |
| 1998 | Intel Pentium II | 7.5M | 233-450 MHz | 1 |
| 1999 | AMD Athlon K7 | 22M | 500-1000 MHz | 1 |
| 2000 | Intel Pentium 4 | 42M | 1.3-3.8 GHz | 1 |
| 2001 | AMD Athlon XP | 37M | 1.3-2.3 GHz | 1 |
| 2002 | Intel Pentium 4 | 55M | 1.6-3.4 GHz | 1 |
| 2003 | AMD Athlon 64 | 105M | 1.8-2.4 GHz | 1 |
| 2003 | AMD Opteron | 105M | 1.4-2.4 GHz | 1-2 |
| 2004 | Intel Pentium M | 77M | 1.3-2.1 GHz | 1 |
| 2004 | IBM PowerPC G5 | 58M | 1.8-2.7 GHz | 1-2 |
| 2005 | AMD Athlon 64 X2 | 233M | 2.0-2.6 GHz | 2 |
| 2005 | Intel Pentium D | 230M | 2.8-3.6 GHz | 2 |
| 2006 | IBM Cell Broadband Engine | 234M | 3.2 GHz | 9 |
| 2006 | Sun UitraSPARC T1 | 279M | 100kHz | 8/32 |
| 2006 | Intel Xeon 7100 | 1.3B | 3.0 GHz | 2 |
| 2006 | VIA C7 | 21M | 1.0-2.0 GHz | 1 |
| 2006 | Transmeta Efficeon TM8600 | 90M | 1.0-1.6 GHz | 1 |
| 2007 | Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 | 582M | 2.4 GHz | 4 |
| 2007 | AMD Phenom X4 | 450M | 2.2-2.6 GHz | 4 |
| 2007 | IBM POWER6 | 790M | 3.5-5.0 GHz | 2 |
| 2008 | Intel Core i7-920 | 731M | 2.66 GHz | 4/8 |
| 2008 | AMD Phenom II X4 940 | 758M | 3.0 GHz | 4 |
| 2010 | Intel Core i7-980X | 1.17B | 3.33 GHz | 6/12 |
| 2010 | AMD Phenom II X6 1090T | 904M | 3.2-3.6 GHz | 6 |
| 2011 | Intel Core i7-2600K | 995M | 3.4-3.8 GHz | 4/8 |
| 2011 | AMD FX-8150 | 1.2B | 3.6-4.2 GHz | 8/8 |
| 2011 | NVIDIA Tegra 3 | 1.4B | 1.3 GHz | 4+1 |
| 2012 | Intel Core i7-3770K | 1.4B | 3.5-3.9 GHz | 4/8 |
| 2012 | IBM POWER7+ | 2.1B | 4.4 GHz | 4-8 |
| 2013 | Intel Core i7-4770K | 1.4B | 3.5-3.9 GHz | 4c/8t |
| 2013 | AMD FX-9590 | 1.2B | 4.7-5.0 GHz | 8 |
| 2014 | Intel Core i7-5960X | 2.6B | 3.0-3.5 GHz | 4c/8t |
| 2014 | AMD A10-7850K | 2.41B | 3.7-4.0 GHz | 4 |
| 2015 | Intel Core i7-6700K | 1.75B | 4.0-4.2 GHz | 4c/8t |
| 2015 | AMD FX-8800P | 3.1B | 3.4 GHz | 4 |
| 2015 | Intel Core i7-6950X | 3.2B | 3.0-3.5 GHz | 10c/20t |
| 2016 | AMD FX-8370 | 1.2B | 4.0-4.3 GHz | 8 |
| 2016 | IBM POWER9 | 8B+ | 3.5-4.0 GHz | 12-24 |
| 2016 | Cavium ThunderX2 | 15B | 2.5 GHz | 32c-54c/128t-256t |
| 2016 | NVIDIAParker (Tegra X2) | 7B+ | 2.0 GHz | 6(2+4) |
| 2016 | AMD Athlon X4 845 | 2.4B | 3.5 GHz | 4 |
| 2017 | AMD Ryzen 7 1800X | 4.8B | 3.6-4.0 GHz | 8c/16t |
| 2017 | Intel Core i9-7900X | 7.2B | 3.3-4.3 GHz | 10c/20t |
| 2018 | Intel Core i9-9900K | 2B+ | 3.6-5.0 GHz | 8c/16t |
| 2019 | Intel Core i9-10980XE | 3.4B+ | 3.6-4.0 GHz | 18c/36t |
| 2019 | AMD Ryzen 9 3900X | 9.89B | 3.8-4.6 GHz | 12c/24t |
| 2019 | AMD EPYC Rome 7742 | 39.5B | 2.25-3.4 GHz | 64c/128t |
| 2020 | AMD Ryzen 9 3950X | 9.89B | 3.5-4.7 GHz | 16c/32t |
| 2020 | AMD Ryzen Threadripper 3990X | 39.5B | 2.9-4.3 GHz | 64c/128t |
| 2020 | Intel Core i9-10900K | 3.9B | 3.7-5.3 GHz | 10c/20t |
| 2020 | Apple M1 | 16B | 3.2 GHz | 8c |
| 2021 | AMD Ryzen 9 5950X | 4.15B | 3.4-4.9 GHz | 16x/32t |
| 2021 | Intel Core i9-12900K | 21.7B | 3.2-5.2 GHz | 16(8P+8E) |
| 2022 | AMD Ryzen 9 7950X | 13.1B | 4.5-5.7 GHz | 16x/32t |
| 2022 | Intel Core i9-13900K | 24B | 3.0-5.8 GHz | 24c/32t |
| 2023 | AMD Ryzen 9 7950X3D | 13.1B+3D V-Cache | 4.2-5.7 GHz | 16c/32t |
| 2023 | Apple M2 Ultra | 134B | 3.5 GHz | 24c(16+8) |
| 2023 | Intel Core i9-14900K | 24B | 3.2-6.0 GHz | 24c/32t |
| 2024 | Intel Core Ultra 9 285K | 30B | 3.2-5.6 GHz | 24c/24t |
| 2024 | Apple M3 Max | 92B | 3.7 GHz | 14c-16c |
| 2024 | Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite | 12B | 4.3 GHz | 12 |
| 2024 | AMD Ryzen 9 9950X | 25B | 4.0-5.7 GHz | 16c/32t |